A Review on OpenAI’s Deep Research, Google’s Gemini Deep Research, and Manus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9999/3yjwef55Keywords:
Deep ResearchAbstract
In this review, we provide a technical overview of OpenAI’s Deep Research—its architecture, algorithms, and methodologies—and compare its effectiveness and limitations to similar AI-driven research tools such as Google’s Gemini Deep Research and the autonomous agent Manus. We also trace the evolution of these systems from early search engines to today’s sophisticated AI agents, highlighting how advances in machine learning and natural language processing enabled increasingly deep and context-aware research capabilities.
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References
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Data Availability Statement
Data will be made available on request.
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